This judge warrants special note. We give here some reports about his judgements, and our comments where necessary.
Thorpe has written part of the Foreword to the Lord Chancellor's Department's proposals in early 2002 concerning the establishment of a Family Justice Council.
Case #1
This is a judgement from the senior judges in the Court of Appeal. The judges are LJs Thorpe and Buxton.
Neutral Citation Number: [2002] EWCA Civ 583 IN THE SUPREME COURT OF JUDICATURE B1/2002/0568 IN THE COURT OF APPEAL (CIVIL DIVISION) ON APPEAL FROM THE PRINCIPAL REGISTRY OF THE FAMILY DIVISION (His Honour Judge Ryland) Royal Courts of Justice Strand London WC2
Wednesday 17th April, 2002 B e f o r e: LORD JUSTICE THORPE LORD JUSTICE BUXTON - - - - - - S (CHILDREN) - - - - - - (Computer Aided Transcript of the Palantype Notes of Smith Bernal Reporting Limited, 190 Fleet Street, London EC4A 2AG Tel: 020 7421 4040 Official Shorthand Writers to the Court) - - - - - - MR R TODD (Instructed by Messrs Russell Jones & Walker, London WC1X 8NH) appeared on behalf of the Applicant/Father THE RESPONDENT/MOTHER did not appear and was not represented - - - - - - J U D G M E N T (As approved by the Court) - - - - - - ©Crown Copyright LORD JUSTICE THORPE: Judge Ryland sat in the Family Division on 13th March 2002 to hear cross-applications for residence orders in respect of two children: J, who is five, and A, who is approaching three. The cross-applicants were their parents, who had married in 1996 and separated in September 2001 in fraught circumstances immediately preceding the application of their cross-applications, the mother's being first in time, 6th September, and the father's following shortly thereafter, 18th September. The facts of this case are certainly unusual. The father is some nine years older than the mother and is a specialist in the sailing and chartering of yachts. It was in that sphere that he came to meet the mother, who is plainly a lady of very high ability and achievement, having succeeded in sport to an Olympic level and having succeeded in her chosen profession to the extent that she was at the time of judgment managing partner for a city firm of US origin, and earning a gross salary of about a £330,000 a year. The husband's comparable earnings were minimal, partly because he is competing in a less well-remunerated field and partly because, by agreement between the parents, he was throughout the house husband. With the dramatic end of the marriage, he lost that function. He left the final matrimonial home, a fine house in Dulwich worth over £1 million. The mother took over care for a short period, until an agreement was reached for what is essentially shared parenting on an interim basis. The father was enabled to deliver his half of the responsibility from a house rented in the vicinity and financed by the mother's earnings. By the time the case came for trial the issue for the judge was easily defined, but by no means easy to decide. His definition of the issue appears at page 7 of his judgment, and then again at the foot of page 8. The second summary is the more succinct:
Having so defined the issue, the judge immediately evaluated the mother's evidence. He said:
He was equally complimentary about the father, whom he described as being very charming, more emotional than the mother, and an excellent mixer. He then went on to pose the question which he had to decide. He said this:
Of the father's proposals he said:
The judge went on to make findings against that background. He said that he accepted the mother's evidence when she said that it was her desire to give up work until A went to school in about two years time. He accepted the opinion of the reporting officer that the mother does have this desire to give up work, and he accepted the mother's reasoning and her wishes, that she wants to go to West Lothian, as being genuine and a wish that she intends to fulfil. This, in my opinion, is a crucial finding. It is repeated towards the end of the same paragraph, where the judge says, in relation to her future plans:
He then turned to consider financial issues, before reverting to further findings. The first, at page 14, was the judge's finding that the mother was accurate in her description of state education in Scotland as very high indeed. He also accepted her evidence when she said that the way of life in Scotland is a way of life that she wanted not only for herself, but more particularly for the children. He added a finding that all the mother's evidence, investigations and enquiries were of a very much greater depth than the father's, and on those findings almost inevitably came to the conclusion that the mother's solution was the best solution in the particular circumstances of the case. Mr Todd, who appeared below, submitted a very thorough and careful skeleton argument in support of an application for permission, and he has had the opportunity this afternoon to expand it orally. He complains that this is essentially gender discrimination on the part of the judge. That if you reverse all the roles, a father who proposed to abandon a lucrative career with the consequence that his wife and children would suffer a dramatic downturn in the standard of living, he would not have the smallest chance of being given a residence order as his reward. That submission seems to me to ignore the realities, namely the very different role and functions of men and women, and the reality that those who sacrifice the opportunity to provide full-time care for their children in favour of a highly competitive professional race do, not uncommonly, question the purpose of all that striving, and question whether they should not re-evaluate their life before the children have grown too old to benefit. The crucial evaluation that the judge had to make was as to the mother's sincerity and motivation. If he had reached the conclusion that all that she was trying to do was disingenuous and manipulative, then I do not doubt there would have been a different outcome. But as the judge correctly perceived, the husband's counter-proposal was entirely founded on the mother's continuing financial contribution through high city earnings. If that was no longer a possibility, then inevitably his proposals disintegrated. Despite all Mr Todd's endeavours, I am not persuaded that there is any realistic prospect of success on appeal, given the discretionary nature of the judge's jurisdiction. I should perhaps in fairness to Mr Todd only add that I was not impressed by his complaint that the judge should have eschewed any findings in the financial field. If such findings were necessary, Mr Todd said that they should have been conducted in the ancillary relief hearing and this inquiry as to residence should have been adjourned for simultaneous trial. The litigation chronology is all against that submission. As I have already said, these applications were issued in September. There had been a first appointment in the ancillary relief in November, but the financial dispute resolution was not to be heard until May. I think the judge dealt with this issue entirely sensibly. He treated it as a relocation case, where forecasts as to the future, including financial forecasts, were no more than that, and he was entitled to make his appraisal on informed guesswork as to what would eventuate financially. That is, as it were, a footnote to my principal reasoning of the rejection of this application. LORD JUSTICE BUXTON: I agree. ORDER: Application for permission to appeal refused. (Order not part of approved judgment) |
Our comments on this judgement are :
It is entirely up to a couple to decide how they organise their domestic activities, and no business of others, particularly judges. To bring the private domestic arrangements agreed between a married couple into a court case is entirely wrong, and almost certainly violates article 8 (respect for private life) of ECHR. To base a decision on it is obscene. However, Thorpe appears to do this without hesitation, and with arrogance and impunity.
We consider that Thorpe has :
no authority from Parliament to behave in this manner, as no written laws encourage or discourage who will be the house-person in a marriage
nor any mandate from the people, via the democratic process, to apply his principle, i.e. of encouraging mothers to be carers and fathers to be earners, via his case precedent
used principles which have no basis in ethics or justice
applies whichever principles he finds suitable to each case, in other words makes up or varies the law from case to case, usually to deny men equitable rights
is attempting to engineer society to his own beliefs.
Case #2
The Times, 31 July 2003 : Mothers can take children to new life
overseas, by Frances Gibb, Legal Editor Two fathers are to lose regular contact with their children after their former wives won the right yesterday to take them abroad with their new partners. The Court of Appeal reversed the decisions of county court judges who had refused the mothers permission to relocate the children, in one case to South Africa and in the other to Australia. Lord Justice Thorpe said that to frustrate "natural emigration" risked the survival of the new family or blighted its potential for "fulfilment and happiness". He said: "Often there will be a price to be paid in welfare terms by the diminution of the hildren's contact with their father and his extended family." He said that it was also possible for a father to take employment abroad after separation or to marry a foreigner and there would be the same loss of contact. "These are the tides of chance and life and in the exercise of its paternalistic jurisdiction it is important that the court should recognise the force of these movements and not frustrate them unless they are shown to be contrary to the welfare of the child." Both cases involve mothers whose marriages broke down and who want to marry new partners. None of the parties can be named to protect the identities of the children. One of the mothers, who is 40, married her husband, now 44, in 1986 and they had two children who are aged 7 and 10. The marriage began to fall apart in 1999 after the mother met a wealthy South African businessman. Both began divorce proceedings in 2002, but although the mother's divorce comes through next month, her new partner is not yet free to remarry. In the second case the 32-year-old mother has a six-year-old child by her marriage to the 38-year-old father. They were divorced last year. The mother met a Philippines citizen with right of residence in Australia and they want to set up home in Perth, where the man has a well-paid job.
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Our comments on this judgement are :
Thorpe has introduced the issue that "to frustrate 'natural emigration' risked the survival of the new family or blighted its potential for 'fulfilment and happiness'". The report doesn't give his opinion about 'frustrating the civil rights of the fathers'.
So a judge in a family case has to consider 'natural emigration' ? And he has to consider the the 'new family's' potential for 'fulfilment and happiness' without considering the remains of the 'old family' whose lives are being wrecked ? Is this man mad ? Or just mentally deranged ?
Comment : Thorpe will no doubt be considered, by his peers and other lawyers, to be very 'learned' in the legal sense, and will understand a lot of principles.
But perhaps he has so many principles that he gets a bit confused as to which he should apply in his next case. Or perhaps he deliberately maintains a repertoire of principles so that he can, on a whim, apply whichever suits him at the time of his current case.
One thing is for certain however, that a man appearing in his court could not possible guess which principles he will care to apply in his case. So that poor man has no guidelines on how he should behave in the family to best please Mr Thorpe.
It is not clear what Thorpe knows about justice or about the reasons we have written law. It is not clear which principle or principles he will apply to his next case. In short, we consider he is a judge who is not guided by written law or any fixed principles i.e. he is simply unprincipled and out of control. When will Parliament, who have the authority, rid this country of people such as this ?